Patch Clamp Capillary Glass To select the best patch clamp glass for your experiments, we have evaluated available glass types in terms of the four properties most crucial to successful patch clamp studies: The softening temperature determines how easily each glass type can be pulled to the desired shape and the extent to which it can be heat polished. Glass with a high softening temperature is difficult to pull and causes unnecessary wear on the heating element of the puller. This makes it very hard to make electrodes that are reproducible and of consistent quality. Patch clamp glass with a low softening temperature is preferred; however, higher softening temperature glass is stronger. Electrical properties determine how much noise the glass is likely to produce in recording situations. The lower the product of dielectric constant times the loss factor, the smaller the equivalent noise current the glass will produce (Rae and Levis, Methods in Enzymology, 207, p67, 1992). Patch clamp glass with good electrical properties is critical especially in single-channel recording. Sealability: It is not clear what factors determine the sealing ability of the patch to the glass. Almost any glass can form a gigohm seal under the right conditions. Different glass types vary, however, in how easily they form a seal. It is important to select a patch clamp glass that seals easily. Good fire polish is critical for seal (see DMF1000). Leachable components: Substances leached from glass can alter channel behavior. Since different channels are sensitive to different glass components, it is best to record one type of channel with several different kinds of pipette glass to eliminate any artifact due to the glass. WPI offers capillary tubing made from two glass types widely used in constructing patch clamp electrodes. The significant characteristics of each are as follows: PG52151-4, PG52152-4 and PG52165-4 are prepared from Schott #8250 glass (equivalent to Corning #7052), one of the most widely used patch clamping glasses. This is a specially formulated borosilicate glass with a softening temperature that is 110°C lower than regular borosilicate glass (Corning 7740, or Pyrex). It has excellent sealing properties for most cells. Electrical properties are also very good. PG10150-4 and PG10165-4 are composed of Corning #0010 glass, a high lead content (22% PbO) glass. Its thermal and electrical performance is between the Schott #8250 and Corning #8161 glasses described above. It is much more economical than Corning #8161 glass. It has been found that this glass causes much less alteration in channel behavior than Corning #8161 and Schott #8250 glass (Furman and Tanaka, Biophys. J. 53, p287, 1988). Patch clamp capillaries do not have microfilaments. GLASS, HOLDERS PATCH CLAMP CAPILLARY GLASS Catalog# PG52151-4 PG52165-4 PG10150-4 PG10165-4 Glass Type OD/ID (mm) #8250 #8250 #0010 #0010 1.5/1.0 1.65/1.1 1.5/0.75 1.65/1.1 Dielectric Constant 4.9 4.9 6.7 6.7 Softening Point °C 720° 720° 625° 625° Quantity 100 100 100 100 Glass Handling Forceps Ever had difficulty picking up a glass capillary? Special tips on these forceps solve the problem, holding glass firmly without risk of breakage. They also keep the glass clean and avoid contamination from skin oils. & ELECTRODES 77020 Glass Handling Forceps UK: Tel: +44 (0)1462 424700 • wpiuk@wpi-europe.com World Precision Instruments www.wpiinc.com Germany: Tel: +49 (0)30-6188845 • wpide@wpi-europe.com US: Tel: 941-371-1003 • sales@wpiinc.com 113